F22 - International MigrationReturn

Beside the free movement of capital, goods and services, the right to free movement is an essential part of the single European market. A genuine European labour market implies the free movement of all workers, including those who are not EU citizens. The paper explores the background and the current state of the EU common migration policy towards non-EU citizens. The paper deals with two dimensions of migration policies - admission and mobility within the EU area. The aim of the paper is to answer the question whether a common labour market can be considered accomplished while the conditions of entry and mobility for third-country nationals substantially lack convergence. The analysis of the legislation and statistical data shows that third-country nationals are not part of the European labour market as such.

The aim of this study is to present the contemporary research of the Schengen area and to prove theoretically as well as empirically that the notion of Fortress Europe is only a misleading conception that the media may find attractive, but which does not depict the reality fully. The reason is, that he concept of a fortress evokes a contrast between the inside and the outside. Nevertheless, the empirical data show that the binary oppositions like 'inside - outside', 'security - free movement' or 'EU citizens - third country citizens' are simplified. Firstly, the paper focuses on the Schengen area itself. Secondly, the contemporary research in the field of the Schengen co-operation is presented. Thirdly, the study aims at the analysis of the current situation and links it to the context of the contemporary research. It presents quantitative as well as qualitative data. This is the main contribution of the paper since the current development is not very well explored.

Of all the post-Communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the Czech Republic is probably the only one that is marked by significant inflows of labour force. The largest group of migrants in the Czech Republic comprises the Ukrainians. In 2009, they made up 21% of all the foreigners legally residing in the country and in the previous years their share was even larger. In 2006 alone, 30 thousand Ukrainians migrated to the Czech Republic and the total share of Ukrainians constituted 46% of all the migrants. According to some members of the general public and politicians, migrants represent a burden to the Czech economy. The most notorious arguments against migration are that immigrants take up the jobs of local workers and that the money made in the Czech Republic ends up elsewhere. This analysis shows that labour migration, in our case Ukrainian labour migration to the Czech Republic, might mean a welfare gain for the Czech economy.

This paper is a survey of selected theoretical approaches to migration. It focuses on their practical application when creating new or adjusting existing migration policy concepts. The aim is to seek the possible leverages offering the possibility to influence migration flows not only by the receiving countries, but also by the sending countries. Secondary attention is paid to the interconnection of labour and capital, seeking the answer to the question whether FDI and migration flows are indeed supplementary processes. The paper examines a whole range of theoretical approaches, starting from the simpler ones (gravitational models), and continuing with the more elaborate approaches (neoclassical, behavioural), including the latest approaches in migration theory.