C91 - Design of Experiments: Laboratory, IndividualReturn

The aim of this article is to test the possibility of a more efficient allocation of resources using market tools when proposing the government budget. The tool is the distribution of ownership rights when designing individual chapters of the budget at the specific stage of the government budget finalisation. The assumption is that the exchange of ownership rights between the individual chapters would lead to a more efficient allocation of resources than mere negotiation. The precondition is the correct setting for such negotiation. For this reason, the article uses an economic experiment in which three budget chapters of expenditure (industry, education, transport) can exchange ownership rights with allocated funds for the following areas: salary expenditure, investment, current expenditure. The design of the experiment is based on a review of relevant studies and literature; illustrative data used in the experiment correspond to the current reality. The article shows these innovative possibilities based on the conducted experiments where the roles were divided between the group of participants representing the individual ministries while the needs and possibilities of the ministries to exchange resources were defined within a set framework of the experiment rules and using the government budget of the Czech Republic for 2020 as the example. The article also implies the possible applications of this method. This method is generally applicable under the proper method design.

The article examines the variables underlying an individual's decision to donate money to a non-profit organisation. Based on a content analysis of leading foreign research, we identify and systematise factors that may affect an individual's decision to donate money, and we carry out an empirical testing in the Czech Republic. This article presents answers to the following question: which determinants affect significantly the willingness to donate? What does the model of donor behaviour look like on a selected sample? The authors apply a theoretical justification set of variables affecting donor behaviour to a questionnaire survey. Multiple linear regression analysis and binary logistic regression are used to determine which of the variables is the most influential. Among the statistically significant variables we can include: respondent's income, age, relations with the organisation and employees, the final beneficiary, religious orientation, affection, compassion and solidarity, gratitude, social responsibility and moral obligation, self-centred, feel good, pity, faith in justice.

Conjoint analysis is a popular tool for analysing consumer preferences in market research which has undergone rapid development throughout history. It is now generally agreed that choice-based conjoint (CBC) has a stronger theoretical background than traditional conjoint methods and that it mimics the real decision-making process of consumers more closely. When hierarchical Bayesian models allowed robust estimation of consumer preferences from sparse data available from choice-based conjoint tasks, formerly popular self-explicated or hybrid approaches lost their popularity. In this article, it is shown that hybrid approaches can be a useful alternative to pure CBC design. A hybrid approach to CBC that combines self-explicated questions on attribute levels with individualised choice tasks is suggested and illustrated on a real example and its efficiency is compared to traditional CBC and adaptive CBC. The results of the study support the hypothesis that this approach can be beneficial under certain circumstances and yield higher model fit while keeping the questionnaire length and respondent fatigue at an acceptable level.